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Fact Sheets

COUGHS, COLD & CHEST INFECTIONS

Respiratory tract infections are the second most common problem facing travellers overseas, affecting up to 20% people for a 4 week stay. The risk is higher during travel because of increased exposure to large numbers of people in group tours, transport, shopping centres & tourist sites. The problem is greater in travel to North America, Europe & Japan, particularly during the winter months.

Viruses mostly cause upper respiratory tract infections however bacterial super-infection can occur resulting in more serious illnesses such as sinusitis & pneumonia.

A runny nose with sneezing & itchy eyes is likely to be allergy rather than infection & is common during springtime in Europe.

A runny blocked nose, sore throat & cough would suggest a cold. If accompanied by a temperature, muscle aches & pains the diagnosis is probably flu.

A cough producing green yellow sputum is likely to be bronchitis or bacterial infection.

Respiratory tract infections are very common & it is wise to be prepared.

While there is no universal vaccination for such problems it is strongly advised that all travellers over 65 have the current flu vaccine available & consider pneumonia vaccine as well. All travellers should consider vaccination against influenza.

Medications to relieve the symptoms of respiratory tract infections (decongestants, antihistamines) & a broad spectrum antibiotic (eg roxithromycin, cephalexin) should also be considered for your medical kit.

While most respiratory tract infections will subside on their own, you need to seek medical advice if any of the following develop.

* A temperature over 40C
* Copious green or yellow sputum
* Severe sore throat & swollen glands
* Prolonged illness more than 7 days

Detailed instructions for the use of medications to treat respiratory tract infections is contained in The Travel Doctor Medication Guide. In Australia this booklet may be obtained through one of the Travel Doctor centres or by contacting 1300 658 844